GROSS MARGIN AS AN INDICATOR OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FARMER EDUCATION ON THE WCR RISK ASSESSMENT IN REPEATED SOWING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1501137FKeywords:
corn, western corn rootworm, production, gross margin, investment, cost, education.Abstract
Western corn rootworm (WCR) appeared in Serbia in the late 80s and quickly spread, causing increasing losses. Monitoring showed that crop rotation gives good results. On the other hand, domestic animals require a lot of corn and considering the limited land area, that often demands repeated sowing of corn (continuous cropping), consequently leading to higher pest damages. Through Farmer Field Schools, farmers were educated on WCR risk assessment of repeated corn sowing. The goal was to prolong corn production over years, presuming its higher profitability of production (gross margin). Calculations of production of wheat, corn and soybean on farms involved in education program in 2012, have shown that corn has the highest gross margin (92,047.50 RSD/ha), followed by soybean (72,410.00 RSD/ha) and wheat (59,510.00 RSD/ha). It could be concluded that farmers best interest is to grow corn, when possible, in continuous cropping, with obligatory risk assessment.
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References
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16.Purdue University (1995): Corn and soybean feld guide. Integrated pest management, Purdue University, Field crops IPM, available at: http://extension.entm.purdue.edu/feldcropsipm/insects/corn-rootworms.php
17.Sivčev, I., Galo, A. (2001): Education as a factor in suppression of WCR in Serbia, XXI IWGO Conference, VIII Diabrotica Subgroup Meeting, Proceedings book, Padova, pp. 151-157.
18.Sivčev, I., Rahović, D. (2008): A Methodology for Working with Farmers on the Model of Adult and Non-formal Education "schools for farmers in the feld", Handbook Project: Education Advisors for Improving Crop Production and Qualtures of Agricultural Products by Methods of Integrated Production and Non-formal Adult Education, the Institute for Science Application in Agriculture, Belgrade, pp. 1-10.
19.Sivčev, I., Stankovic, S., Kostic, M., Lakic, N., Popovic, Z. (2009): Population density of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte beetles in Serbian frst year and continuous maize felds, J. Appl. Entomol., no. 133, pp. 430–437.
20.Statistical Offce of the Republic of Serbia (SORS), (2014): Agriculture Census - 2012, SORS, Belgrade, available at: http://popispoljoprivrede.stat.rs/
21.Stanković, S. (2012): Possible use of environmental management in control of invasive corn pest Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, Ph.D. thesis, Faculty of environmental protection, Educons University, Sremska Kamenica.
22.Stankovic, S., Sivčev, I. (2004): IPM for western corn rootworm participatory training through farmer feld school in Serbia, IWGO, 10th Diabrotica subgroup meeting, Engelberg Switzerland, 14-16 January, Abstracts, p. 69.
23.Tomić, V., Janković, S., Kuzevski, J., Ljiljanić, N., Radišić, R. (2013): Maize gross margins in different environmental conditions in 2011 and 2012, Proceedings: Agriculture and rural development challenges of transition and integration processes, 50th Anniversary Department of Agricultural Economics, Belgrade – Zemun.
24.Wilson, T. A., Rice, M. E., Tollefson, J. J., Pilcher, C. D. (2005): Transgenic corn for Control of the European Corn Borer and Corn Rootworms: a Survey of Midwestern Farmer`s Practices and perceptions, J. Econ. Entomol., no. 98, pp. 237-247.
Website:
25.www.itecherpsolution.rs/bm/doc/bmuputstvopsenicauproscena.pdf
26.www.itecherpsolution.rs/bm/doc/bmobrazacpsenicauproscena.xls
27.www.psss.rs
2. Berg, H. van den (2004): IPM Farmer Field Schools: A synthesis of 25 impact evaluations, Wageningen University, Prepared for the FAO Global IPM Facility.
3. Callo, D. P., Cuaterno, W. R., Tauli, H. A. (1999): Handbook of Non – Formal Education and Team Building Exercises for Integrated Pest Management, The Philippine National IPM Programme (Kasakali late) ASEAN IPM Knowledge Network, SEAMEO research, the Philippines.
4. Edwards, C. R., Larry, W. B., Turpin, F. T. (1994): Field crop insects managing corn rootworms 1994, Purdue University, Cooperative Extension Service, E-49, pp. 1-6, West Lafayette.
5. FAO (2004): A Facilitators Field Guide to Integrated Pest Management for Western Corn Rootworm in Central and Eastern Europe, A Training Resource Manual on Planning, Organizing, and Implementing Farmer Field Schools for Integrated Pest Management in Corn in Central and Eastern Europe.
6. Gallagher, K. (1996): Community-based rice IPM Programme Development: A Facilitators guide, FAO Inter - Country Rice Integrated Pest Management Programme for Asia, Manila, Philippines.
7. Gray, M. E., Levine E., Oloumi-Sadeghi, H. (1998): Adaptation to crop rotation: Western and northern rootworms respond uniquely to a cultural practice, Recent Res. Devel. in Entomology, vol. 2, pp. 19-31.
8. Janković, S., Goss, S., Pusic, M., Jovanovic, R., Todorovic, G., Tolimir, N., Ivkov, I., Andjelic, B., Dalton, G. (2007): Poslovanje poljoprivrednih gazdinstava u Srbiji 2006, Priručnik, Institut za primenu nauke u poljoprivredi, Beograd, pp. 26-27.
9. Kiss, J., Edwards, R., Berger, H. K., Cate, P., Cean, M., Cheek, S., Derron, J., Festic, H., Furlan, L., Igrc-Barcic, J., Ivanova, I., Lammers, W., Omelyuta, V., Prinzinger, G., Reynaud, F., Sivcev, I., Sivicek, P., Urek, G., Vahala, O. (2005): Monitoring of Western Corn Rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) in Europe 1992- 2003, In: Western Maize Rootworm: Ecology and Management (Ed. Vidal, S., Kuhlman, U. and Edwards C.R.), CABI International, pp. 29-39.
10.Miller, N. J., Ciosi, M., Sappington, T. W., Ratcliffe, S. T., Spencer, J. L., Guillemaud, T. (2007): Genome scan of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera for genetic variation associated with crop rotation tolerance, J. Appl. Entomol., no. 131, pp. 378-385.
11.Moeser, J., Vidal, S. (2004): Nutritional resources used by the invasive maize pest Diabrotica virgifera virgifera in its new South-east-European distribution range, Entomol. Exp. Appl., no. 114, pp. 55–63.
12.Munćan, P., Živković, D. (2006): Menadzment ratarske proizvodnje, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd.
13.Onstad, D. W., Crowder, D. W., Mitchell, P. D., Guse, C. A., Spencer, J. L., Levine, E. (2003): Economics versus Alleles: Balancing Integrated Pest Management and Insect Resistance Management for Rotation-Resistant Western Maize Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), J. Econ. Entomol., no. 96, pp. 1872-1885.
14.Pontius, J., Dilts, R., Bartlett, A. (eds.) (2002): From farmer feld school to community IPM. Ten years of IPM training in Asia, FAO Community IPM Programme, FAO Regional Offce for Asia and the Pacifc.
15.Agricultural Extension Service in Jagodina (PSSS Jagodina), (2012): Questionnaires carried out in 2012 on leader farms from the territory of Agricultural Extension Service in Jagodina (Pomoravlje region, Serbia), PSSS Jagodina, internal documentation.
16.Purdue University (1995): Corn and soybean feld guide. Integrated pest management, Purdue University, Field crops IPM, available at: http://extension.entm.purdue.edu/feldcropsipm/insects/corn-rootworms.php
17.Sivčev, I., Galo, A. (2001): Education as a factor in suppression of WCR in Serbia, XXI IWGO Conference, VIII Diabrotica Subgroup Meeting, Proceedings book, Padova, pp. 151-157.
18.Sivčev, I., Rahović, D. (2008): A Methodology for Working with Farmers on the Model of Adult and Non-formal Education "schools for farmers in the feld", Handbook Project: Education Advisors for Improving Crop Production and Qualtures of Agricultural Products by Methods of Integrated Production and Non-formal Adult Education, the Institute for Science Application in Agriculture, Belgrade, pp. 1-10.
19.Sivčev, I., Stankovic, S., Kostic, M., Lakic, N., Popovic, Z. (2009): Population density of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte beetles in Serbian frst year and continuous maize felds, J. Appl. Entomol., no. 133, pp. 430–437.
20.Statistical Offce of the Republic of Serbia (SORS), (2014): Agriculture Census - 2012, SORS, Belgrade, available at: http://popispoljoprivrede.stat.rs/
21.Stanković, S. (2012): Possible use of environmental management in control of invasive corn pest Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, Ph.D. thesis, Faculty of environmental protection, Educons University, Sremska Kamenica.
22.Stankovic, S., Sivčev, I. (2004): IPM for western corn rootworm participatory training through farmer feld school in Serbia, IWGO, 10th Diabrotica subgroup meeting, Engelberg Switzerland, 14-16 January, Abstracts, p. 69.
23.Tomić, V., Janković, S., Kuzevski, J., Ljiljanić, N., Radišić, R. (2013): Maize gross margins in different environmental conditions in 2011 and 2012, Proceedings: Agriculture and rural development challenges of transition and integration processes, 50th Anniversary Department of Agricultural Economics, Belgrade – Zemun.
24.Wilson, T. A., Rice, M. E., Tollefson, J. J., Pilcher, C. D. (2005): Transgenic corn for Control of the European Corn Borer and Corn Rootworms: a Survey of Midwestern Farmer`s Practices and perceptions, J. Econ. Entomol., no. 98, pp. 237-247.
Website:
25.www.itecherpsolution.rs/bm/doc/bmuputstvopsenicauproscena.pdf
26.www.itecherpsolution.rs/bm/doc/bmobrazacpsenicauproscena.xls
27.www.psss.rs
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Published
2015-01-31
How to Cite
Filipović, J., Stanković, S., & Ceranić, S. (2015). GROSS MARGIN AS AN INDICATOR OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FARMER EDUCATION ON THE WCR RISK ASSESSMENT IN REPEATED SOWING. Ekonomika Poljoprivrede, 62(1), 137–153. https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1501137F
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