Ekonomika poljoprivrede

IDENTIFYING FACTORS THAT AFFECT CHEESE CONSUMPTION AS ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS FOR ADEQUATE PLACEMENT ON THE REGIONAL MARKET

2024-12-26T20:14:10+01:00

Cheese is a significant agri-food product for many people and the economy. Its manufacture has a long tradition, and its consumption varies according to the specifics of the cultures. Knowing consumers’ needs, attitudes, and approaches to consumption is essential in any industry, including the agri-food industry. That is why the subject of this paper is consumer behavior (CB), defining the factors that influence attitudes and intentions in cheese consumption observed at the level of two regions from Southeast Europe: the Republic of Serbia and Montenegro. The CB-Cheese scale was created for research purposes, which proved appropriate for this agri-food product research. The research showed significant differences in the behavior of the consumers of these two markets and that the consumption of cheese increases with the level of income. Special attention is paid to the quality of the product and its compatibility with the price. The obtained data provide clear guidelines for adequate placement in the regional market.

FORECASTING MAIZE PRODUCTION IN REPUBLIC OF SERBIA USING ARIMA MODEL

2024-12-26T20:14:07+01:00

Considering the importance of maize in the Republic of Serbia, the aim of the paper is to select an appropriate econometric model that describes and predicts the future trends of maize production in the Republic of Serbia. In order to forecast the future trends of maize production from 2023 to 2027, a time series of annual data from 1990 to 2022 was analyzed using the autoregressive integrated moving average model. The model shows that maize production in 2023 will be 49.34% higher than in 2022. According to the forecast, the growth trend in maize production will continue until 2025, after which a decline in production is predicted. This paper also found that the autoregressive integrated moving average model for the selected time series of maize production provides approximate and more reliable forecast results than the extrapolation of the average annual rate of change.

RURAL POLICY OF SERBIA AND THE NETHERLANDS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

2024-12-26T20:14:02+01:00

The global trend of rural depopulation is a new challenge of the 21st century. As people migrate from rural areas to cities, the potential for growth in these areas diminishes. As the global population increases, the demand for food production relies heavily on agriculture, which is primarily carried out in rural areas. Serbia and the Netherlands share a common issue, but the circumstances surrounding it vary. The research methodology involves comparing data, followed by analysis and synthesis to draw meaningful conclusions. The criteria for comparison include demographic indicators, indicators of social well-being, and indicators of economic structure and performance. The results indicate that the Netherlands has more practical solutions for issues, a more content rural population, and better conditions for implementing rural policies. Regarding Serbia, the policy for rural areas is currently in the developmental phase.

CULTURE SYSTEM IN NAAMA OASES (SOUTHWESTERN ALGERIA)

2024-12-26T20:14:00+01:00

The present study contributes to the identification of cropping systems applied to traditional argosystems in Naama region (southwest of Algeria). A series of farm surveys were conducted for 30 oases farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire on aspects related to systemic typology crops practiced in Moghrar and Tiout oases in Naama region. The obtained results showed a diversification of crops grown intensively in these oases. They are characterized by the practice of mixed food crops cultivation in underlying strata, associated with family-type livestock farming. Truly, the presence of 35 different crops: date palm cultivar, 5 forage crops, 16 market gardens and 13 fruit trees has been recorded. This oasis system represents an ancestral oasis heritage built and maintained by the local population owing to a careful management of natural resources.

DYNAMICS OF CONSUMER PRICES AND VOLUME OF TURNOVER IN RETAIL TRADE OF FOOD PRODUCTS

2024-12-26T20:13:47+01:00

This paper analyses the dynamics of consumer prices and the volume of turnover in the retail sale of food products in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2006 to 2022. The focus of the research is on the impact of inflation and unemployment rates on the real volume of turnover of these products using multi-factor regression. The results show that inflation does not have a statistically significant impact on the real volume of turnover of most food products, while the unemployment rate has a significant negative impact. However, the exceptions are sugar-based and chocolate-based products, where price increases have a significant positive impact on turnover. This analysis provides insights into the key macroeconomic factors influencing consumer habits and market dynamics in the face of inflation and unemployment. The results of the research can serve as a basis for creating policies and strategies that will help retailers effectively manage their business in conditions of economic uncertainty.

SEASONALITY AND RURALITY – SECOND HOMES AND TOURISM IN RURAL AREAS OF SERBIA

2024-12-26T20:13:45+01:00

The study investigates the growing phenomenon of second homes in rural Serbia and its implications for tourism development. By analyzing the geographical distribution of second homes and their relationship to the territorial capital, the study contributes to the understanding of rural tourism dynamics. The research identifies regions with high concentrations of second homes, often overlapping with attractive natural areas and renowned tourist centers. This overlap with peak tourist seasons intensifies environmental and social pressures on already fragile rural areas. To mitigate these pressures and promote sustainable tourism development, the study advocates for region-specific policies, improved infrastructure and the implementation of sustainable tourism practices. By leveraging second homes as potential rural tourism accommodations, policymakers can support local communities, lesser the environmental disturbance and promote responsible tourism.

QUALITY OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABILTY-YES OR NO?

2024-12-26T20:13:42+01:00

Quality of life and preserved eco-systems are important characteristics of sustainability and well-being. The aim of the paper is to analyze the relationship between the Legatum Prosperity Index, as the measure of quality of life and Environmental Performance Index, as a measure of the multidimensional ecological achievement. The research has covered 27 EU countries and applied statistical methods: simple linear correlation and cluster analysis. In this regard, the analysis showed the existence of a statistically significant relationship between these two composite indices. In other words, economically developed countries in which the quality of life is at a high level have better environmental performance, and vice versa.

FARM ECONOMY IN SERBIA – DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS OF SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTS

2024-12-26T20:13:40+01:00

Sustainable agricultural products are sophisticated because they are directly related to the health of end users and have a specific quality and yield. The market for these products is specific and determined by various factors. This paper analyses the placement of sustainable agricultural products on small farms in the Serbian economy through multiple sales channels. We organized a one-on-one meeting with 150 small and medium-sized farm owners and collected data through a questionnaire. We then created a model through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP method) to evaluate the decision-making of small farmers about placing products on the market. The results showed that the quality of the products is crucial for small farmers, who need to distribute them through local shops, retail chains, and markets. In this way, we have opened space for future analyses that can include regression models and assess relationships between individual categories.

THE POTENTIAL OF DIGITAL MARKETING IN THE PROMOTION OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

2024-12-26T20:13:38+01:00

Organic agricultural production as a holistic approach that aims to promote food production without the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers, pesticides, genetically modified organisms and the system of food production and use takes place in accordance with the principles of preserving biodiversity, soil and ecosystems. However, this system of agricultural production incurs significantly higher costs, and the price of organic agricultural products comes also at a high cost. In addition to the price, one of the most important aspects of acceptance of organic agricultural products by consumers is environmental awareness. The aim of this paper is to analyze the potential for the improvement of digital marketing channels for the promotion of organic agricultural products. The factor analysis applied in this paper has shown that advertising through digital marketing channels has the potential to boost sales, according to producers of organic agricultural products in the Republic of Serbia.

IMPROVING THE FINANCING OF THE PURCHASE OF FOOD PRODUCTS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF STANDARDS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DEFENCE

2024-12-26T20:13:35+01:00

This paper analyses financial resources for procuring agricultural products at the University of Defense as an organizational part of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Serbia. The physical condition of students and cadets is crucial because it affects the overall operational capability of the Army of the Republic of Serbia. Therefore, this paper points out the weaknesses and shortcomings in the supply of food products for nutrition needs. This paper analyzes data for the procurement of items by category in the period from 2018 to 2020, as well as the expenditure of funds by groups of things in the period from 2010 to 2021 to ensure the proper nutrition of students and cadets of the University of Defense. The SPSS software was used to analyse the tendency of spending financial resources. It is concluded that the main problem is the inconsistency of budget procedures with public procurement.

DEVELOPING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS AND FINANCIAL STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING COUNTRYSIDE WALKING TOURISM (CWT)

2024-12-26T20:13:33+01:00

Legal framework, infrastructure expansion, community engagement, capacity development, public-private partnership (PPP), cluster development, and financial strategies are variables that contribute to creating a business environment for CWT development. This research aims to analyse aspects of managing the abovementioned variables for a sustainable and pleasant experience for residents and visitors. The data collected through the survey were analysed using non parametric statistical methods. The analysis showed that regulation and infrastructure (64.2%) are prerequisites for encouraging CWT development, and education of the local population about clustering contributes to this. PPP projects mean greater attractiveness of rural tourist destinations (80.1%). Financial strategies for the development of CWT are donations, vouchers, and joint ventures. Adolescents, students, and families with children prefer the crowdfunding strategy. The authors propose strategic planning, management, and monitoring of key business environment variables for CWT development. Further research should focus on safety, security, accessibility, environmental sustainability, technology integration, and visitor feedback.

VISIBLE INTANGIBLE ASSET EFFICIENCY AND TANGIBLE ASSETS EFFICIENCY: WHO CONTRIBUTES MORE TO THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURAL FIRMS?

2024-12-26T20:13:30+01:00

The realization of business activities is carried out by agricultural firms using available assets. Assets can be tangible and intangible. Theoretical and practical experiences show that these two types of assets affect firm value, create a competitive advantage, are a significant driver of productivity growth, and a key factor for the firm’s survival in crisis. The paper aims to analyze the contribution of visible intangible assets efficiency and tangible assets efficiency to the business performance of agricultural firms, monitored through labor productivity, profitability, and firm growth. The sample consists of 42 agricultural firms that operated in 2023 in Serbia. A regression model was used to test the hypotheses. The results prove the contribution of visible intangible assets efficiency and tangible assets efficiency to the productivity of agricultural firms. At the same time, the influence of these variables on firm growth and profitability was absent.

THE IMPACT OF RATIO ANALYSIS ON THE EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF LIQUIDITY IN AGRO-PROCESSING COMPANIES

2024-12-26T20:13:28+01:00

Liquidity is a fundamental element of business partnerships, directly influencing the establishment or loss of trust, with emphasis on the dynamics financial interactions. Тhe assessment of liquidity in financial analysis requires the use of predefined metrics or analytical guiding star. The aim of this research is to investigate the contribution of ratio analysis on the valuation and management of liquidity in agro-processing enterprises. The research employs annual financial reports of agroprocessing companies from 2016 to 2023, utilizing regression analysis to identify critical challenges in liquidity management. The findings show that there is a positive correlation between the selected metrics of the static and dynamic basis of liquidity, and their negative correlation with the indebtedness indicator on the example of the agro-processing industry of Serbia. The contribution of this study is that its results can be used in the preparation and implementation of effective liquidity strategies in agroprocessing companies.

ASSESSMENT OF THE WEIGHT OF FACTORS INFLUENCING FOOD LOSSES USING FUZZY MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS

2024-12-26T20:14:12+01:00

The purpose of the paper is to show, through the selection of given criteria, which of them has the greatest impact on food losses in an agricultural-food company. For this purpose, an innovative expert method of multi-criteria decision-making, SiWeC (Simple Weight Calculation), and its fuzzy variant, was applied. The results show that the criteria “poor handling of products during transport” and “inadequate packaging and handling of products” have the greatest impact. Considering the already existing plan of the company to train this part of the work processes, the expert assessment confirms the results of the research. Also, the successful use of this method with the application of fuzzy logic was confirmed, and future research should be directed towards the development of new ways of researching the influence of individual factors on the entire process of supplying food to end consumers.

CONSUMER RIGHT TO FOOD INFORMATION

2024-12-26T20:13:22+01:00

The main purpose of this article is the analysis of the structure and content of food information law in the European Union law, as well as the general assessment of the harmonization of Serbian law with EU law in the field of food information law. In order to achieve these purposes, the authors employed doctrinal comparative research, which encompassed both structural analysis of the laws at issue, and the analysis of specific pre-defined questions. The questions included the subjects responsible for the provision of food information duties, the content of these duties, as well as the methods and ways of formulating and presenting information to consumers. The authors also dealt with the current role for voluntary food information in EU law. In the concluding section of the paper, authors emphasized the importance of introducing the mandatory and uniform front-of-package labeling scheme.

CHARACTERISTIC OF TRADITIONAL GASTRONOMY IN THE FUNCTION OF CREATING TOURIST LOYALTY TOWARDS THE DESTINATION

2024-12-26T20:12:39+01:00

Gastronomy has the power to attract tourists as a tourist attraction and make them loyal to it. Toward discussing their research, the authors first base their hypothesis on the argument that traditional gastronomy creates loyalty toward the destination. In order to test the initial hypothesis, it was necessary to answer the question, “In what way does gastronomy create a sense of loyalty toward the destination”? The results revealed that there was a unique formula in which the degree of loyalty of tourists toward travel destination directly depends on the factor of a “gastronomic experience.” The higher this factor was rated, the more the degree of loyalty toward the destination increased. Mostly, it is done by tradition, culture, authenticity, uniqueness, ambiance, and quality of food, beverages, and services. That is, the original and unique gastronomic experience of the destination which is first and foremost introduced by traditional gastronomy.

ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT IN THE PRIVATIZATION OF THE “PORT OF BELGRADE” AND THE COOPERATIVES IN VOJVODINA

2024-12-26T20:14:05+01:00

The paper examines the role of management and the economic consequences during the purchase of state and cooperative enterprises (combines), and states that the consequences are enormous. Also, the paper discusses in more detail the privatization of cooperative combines (enterprises) in Vojvodina. That process began in its most extreme after the elections held in September 2000. In addition, the paper analyses the problem of construction land on the example of “Port of Belgrade”, i.e. the combination of crime, tycoons and politicians in the aforementioned privatization.

IMPACT OF CERTAIN DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ON CONSUMER ATTITUDES ABOUT ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD PRODUCTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

2024-12-26T20:13:57+01:00

The main objective of this paper is to examine the attitudes and opinions of respondents about organic agricultural and food products, as well as motives for buying this type of products, depending on their gender, education and age, because it is assumed that they have the strongest influence on consumer attitudes. Data were obtained through survey questionnaires, on the territory of the Republic of Serbia. The research was conducted on a random sample of 369 respondents. The Chi square independence test was used to study the set assumptions. The results of the research indicated that the analysed demographic factors had certain influence on the opinion and attitudes of the respondents about ecological agricultural and food products, as well as on the motives for their use.

ANALYSIS OF THE GROSS ADDED VALUE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

2024-12-26T20:13:52+01:00

This research analyzes the structure and economic impact of agricultural production in Serbia, focusing on gross value added (GVA). The aim is to identify the branches of agriculture that contribute the most to overall production value and quantify their impact on GVA. Basic descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were used to determine the individual contributions of agricultural sectors. The study covers data from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia for the period 2007–2022. Results show that agriculture significantly influences the national economy, especially through crop and livestock production, with crop production, particularly cereals, having the largest impact on GVA. The conclusions suggest that shifting to more intensive agricultural methods and optimizing livestock production could improve economic outcomes. Policy recommendations include strategic investments in specific sectors to enhance efficiency and economic contributions. Integrated agricultural practices are also suggested to further strengthen the sector’s overall performance.

ASSESSING AND MANAGING TERRITORIAL CAPITAL FOR RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: FINDINGS FROM FIELD RESEARCH IN AZANJA (REPUBLIC OF SERBIA)

2024-12-26T20:13:50+01:00

This paper investigates the potential for rural tourism development in Azanja (Republic of Serbia) by analyzing its territorial capital - natural, social, cultural, economic and human capital. Results from field research conducted in 2024 encompassing 209 residents revealed that the main strength lies in Azanja’s social capital, followed by natural and cultural capital. However, economic and human capital were identified as weak points, hindering rural tourism development. The results showed that rural tourism development in Azanja requires strategic investments and capacity building to overcome its economic and human capital limitations. Recommendations include fostering local entrepreneurship, providing financial incentives for tourism-related businesses, and implementing educational programs to enhance residents’ knowledge and skills in tourism management and hospitality. By identifying the strengths and weaknesses of Azanja’s territorial capital, this research provides a basis for formulating targeted strategies to enhance the region’s appeal to tourists and foster sustainable rural tourism development.

THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS

2024-12-26T20:13:25+01:00

The role of communication management in the development of rural areas is becoming increasingly significant for achieving sustainable social and economic growth in these communities. Effective communication and information management are key factors in connecting local actors, fostering collaboration among organizations, and promoting rural areas as attractive destinations for tourism and investment. Through the analysis of best practice examples, this paper explores the strategies and tools of communication management that contribute to enhancing the quality of life in rural areas. Special emphasis is placed on digital media and social networks as channels for promoting local products and traditions, facilitating easier connections with broader audiences and markets. The aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of a planned and tailored approach to communication that can contribute to the long-term development and sustainability of rural communities.